EVALUATION OF GROWTH, YIELD AND PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY OF Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. SAMPLES

Abstract

Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn., commonly known as sawtooth dogwood or green stem dogwood, has been utilized as medicine material for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects and lowering blood sugar, especially the effect of protecting liver cells and treating hepatitis. During the spring - summer crop of 2023 at (Experimental field area, National Research Center for Medicinal Plant Germplasm and Breeding, National Institute of Medicinal Materials), the study was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and medicinal quality of 14 different P. amarus samples, subsequently aimed to select the varieties with highest yield and medicinal quality  to apply in large-scale production. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block with 3 replications. According to the results, the samples D1, D2, D5, D7 and D13 showed roburst growth, recorded by the high value of several relevant indexes including number of level I branch, leaf/stem ratio, dry matter rattio, leaf shape and tight leaf arrangement. At harvesting, D1, D2, D5, D7 yielded 3.26 tons/ha, D2 3.46 tons/ha, 3.83 tons/ha, 4.06 tons/ha and 3.19 tons/ha, respectively. The concentration of the active compound, phyllanthin, in all the five samples was above 0.3%, meeting the additional pharmacopeia V standards. the five varieties will be continously evaluated and selected in the next stages with the aim of selecting quality seed samples for P. amarus production.