RESEARCH TO EVALUATE THE GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME GUAVA VARIETIES IN THE NORTHERN PROVINCES

Abstract

Research to evaluate the growth, yield and fruit quality of some guava varieties in the Northern provinces in order to select new guava varieties and diversify guava products supplied to the consumers. Research materials include 3 guava varieties of imported origin: Variety ODL1, variety Ruby (16Oi01) and variety 16Oi02. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block (RCBD), including 3 treatments, each with 100 plants with 3 replecation. The study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2023 in Ha Noi city, Son La and Lao Cai provinces. The seedlings used in the experiment are 1 year old grafted trees, the rootstock is a local guava variety. The study results show that experimental guava varieties have differences in leaf and fruit morphological characteristics. The Ruby guava variety has slightly elongated leaves, slightly trough-shaped, round leaf tails, prominent leaf veins; the fruit is spherical, slightly flattened, the fruit shoulder is raised and the fruit flesh is pinkish red. The experimental guava varieties all have the ability to grow well. The Ruby guava variety has the highest yield and fruit quality at all 3 experimental planting sites, with corresponding yields at the ages of 2 - 4 years old being 16.2 - 17.3 kg/tree (10.1 - 10.8 tons/ha), 28.2 - 29.3 kg/tree (17.6 - 18.3 tons/ha) and 42.0 - 44.1 kg/tree (26.3 - 27.6 tons/ha); the total solid soluble of fruit pulp reaches 11.2 - 11.8^oBrix. The evaluation criteria for fruit, yield and fruit quality of the Ruby guava variety meet the criteria for selection and development of new guava varieties.