Effective study of technical measures on medicinal plant of Xanthium strumarium L. in Chi Linh city, Hai Duong province

Abstract

This study aims to determine the appropriate planting season, density and fertilizer doses for Xanthium strumarium L in Chi Linh city, Hai Duong province. Results on planting season show that: the number of fruits and fruit yield in the March planting season is higher than that in the April planting season. The yield was 14 tons/ha in the March planting season, while April planting season reached 13.2 tons/ha. For experiments on planting density, the height, canopy diameter and number of first level branches at the stage of 7-months after planting were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05). The planting density 50 x 60 cm has a higher tree height than the tree height in the distance 50 x 70 cm and 50 x 80 cm. The planting distance 50 x 70 cm has the largest number of first-level branches (24.5 branches/tree), while the planting distance 50 x 60 cm only reached the corresponding value of 21.7 branches/tree at the 7-month post-planting stage. The planting distance of 50 x 70 cm has the highest yield (13.08 tons/ha) and is significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than the planting distance of 50 x 80 cm and 50 x 60 cm, respectively. The fruit yield in planting distance 50 x 70 cm were the highest value (13.08 tons/ha) and showed statistical significant (p ≤ 0.05) compared to 50 x 80 cm and 50 x 60 cm, respectively. For experiment of fertilizer doses, the treatment of [9 kg NPK (9: 6: 3) + 6.5 kg NPK (17: 12: 7) + 7.5 kg NPK (12: 7: 17) + 1 kg micro-nutrient fertilizers]/360 m² acreage reached at the highest yield (13.91 tons/ha) and  was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than treatments of [11 kg NPK (9: 6: 3) + 7.5 kg NPK (17: 12: 7) + 8.5 kg NPK (12: 7: 17) + 1 kg micro-nutrient fertilizers] and [7 kg NPK (9: 6: 3) + 5,5 kg NPK (17: 12: 7) + 6,5 kg NPK (12: 7: 17) + 1 kg micro-nutrient fertilizers], respectively. The fertilizer doses of [9 kg NPK (9: 6: 3) + 6.5 kg NPK (17: 12: 7) + 7.5 kg NPK (12: 7: 17) + 1 kg micro-nutrient fertilizers]/360 m² was the most potential and could be applied in the condition of Chi Linh city, Hai Duong province. However, further study needs to be research on the chlorogenic acid component of X. strumarium according to Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia (the 5^th version).